Here is a study on botnets that mined bitcoins.
Paper:
http://sysnet.ucsd.edu/~dhuang/static/ndss14-cr.pdf (updated the link; previously broken)
Key findings:
(1) Botnets that we know have earned at least the following amounts (Table I in the paper):

(2) A stacked-line graph showing at least how much each botnet earned over time (Figure 2):

(3) Bitcoin mining (especially for botnets) is getting increasingly unprofitable (Figure 9):

(4) With declining Bitcoin-mining profitability, more Litecoin-mining malware can be found (Figure 10):
