That was a wrong move by him. He could have chosen to hack some influential people's accounts rather than the government's X account, as there was no way he wouldn't get caught, given that the government has all the resources to find him. So, five years, that's a long time to be on 'vacation' and he'll definitely miss the bull run. This hack was quite simple, with no money lost, but the consequences are very serious. This is something we have to learn from, especially for those who are skilled and very curious; this isn’t fun.
It was a simple hack, and yes, I also agree with you on the line that he could have gone for some other influencer's account instead, but as we all know, all hackers always have their targeted audience, either to test their hacking skill or to accomplish something, which the one caught was not the only one involved. They have a motive, which I believe they have achieved.
The SEC did not lose money on such an incident, but others did suffer some great loss by traders who were not prepared for such sudden news, so there was money lost on such action. 5 years of jail time is enough, and if it was easy for the trader to sue him, they will probably do that once he's done with the feds.
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